A Routine Day Essay Sample

It’s splendid and I can’t see a lot. I hear my little sister following not far behind me. A similar custom ordinary it has become a wont. it resembles this business as usual is scratched into my covering. I don’t accept about what I’m making and I what I’m going to make it’s like the musculuss have recalled. what I do precisely. â€Å"onee-chan. onee-chan† she says ok there it is that blessed messenger like voice its Wyrd however that voice is the solitary thing I react to these yearss. I turn about and at that place she is sitting tight for me to state something back. â€Å"yes kazuya-chan is at that place something you need? † I request. She answers â€Å"No† I don’t comprehend why she calls me. I have a few considerations however every one of them appear to be inept. I didn’t even notification yet I have begun strolling kazuya’s keeping my manus. Its very noisy this forenoon the cars are racing through the bustling streets of Tokyo with the severity of Wolfs in the focal point of a Hunt and the beauty of a swan. We reach kazuya’s school. â€Å"Ok kazuya here’s your tiffin and I will get you after school. Alright? † I state She feigns exacerbation at me and says â€Å"I know onee-chan im non a little miss any more drawn out I’m in Junior high. † I giggle. â€Å"I know you’re non a little miss any more however I despite everything stress over you and I ever will. † I embrace her thus recover that it is her shuting graduation this evening. â€Å"actually i’ll be here right on time to watch you graduate your first twelvemonth of middle school. † I see a major grin show up all over and she says â€Å"Thanks Onee-chan. † before running off to run into up with her companions. I wait around non craving to go forward however I know Is need to and I start erratically going towards work. I stop I can hear a feeble voice naming out my name. As one pivot Ayame my clumberson work life partner runs in to me. I get up express joying. â€Å"You genuinely require to end running in to me in the forenoon. it’s like you are making it on aim. †

The Impact of Slavery on African Society Essay Example for Free

The Impact of Slavery on African Society Essay Subjugation has assumed a solid job in African culture from as right on time as ancient occasions, proceeding to the cutting edge time. Early servitude inside Africa was a typical practice in numerous social orders, and was fundamental to the country’s economy. Starting around the seventh century, two gatherings of non-African slave merchants altogether changed the conventional African types of servitude that had been polished previously. Local Africans were currently being driven away from the nation to be utilized as slaves. The two significant slave exchanges, trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic, got fundamental to the association of Africa and its social orders until the cutting edge time. Subjection and the slave exchange emphatically influenced African culture, and left long haul impacts on the advancement of the whole mainland because of the dehumanization of Africans and the appeal of work causing the moderate decay and destroying of African states. From the seventh century, reaching out to the twentieth century, Arab Muslims struck regions of West, Central, and East Africa, moving a great many Slaves to North Africa, the Middle East and India. The trans-Saharan slave exchange expanded between the tenth and fifteenth hundreds of years, as Empires, for example, Songhai, Ghana, Mali, and Kanem-Bornu advanced south of the Sahara, managing the slave exchange. Over a time of in excess of a thousand years, the trans-Saharan slave exchange coordinated the development of more than 10 million oppressed men, ladies, and youngsters. The trans-Saharan slave exchange prompted the bloom of incredible African states in the internal pieces of East Africa, and southern edges of the Sahara. In spite of the fact that the trans-Saharan slave exchange incited the extension of subjugation inside Africa, it was incredibly beaten by the huge trans-Atlantic exchange that trailed the fifteenth century. The underlying gathering of European slave dealers in West Africa were the Portuguese, which was then trailed by the British and French. During the sixteenth and seventeenth hundreds of years, these three European Colonial Powers started the development of captives to their developing belongings in the New World. Slaves were sent over the Atlantic Ocean to North, Central, and South America, and the Caribbean Islands to set up and keep up reliable ranch and agribusiness. As European want developed for items including sugar, cotton and rice, the interest for manor work additionally expanded. African slave work was modest among European norms, prompting the flood of such countless African slaves in the New World. European and American slave-merchants procured approximately 12 million slaves from West and west focal Africa. Individuals may contend that the training didn't become dehumanizing until white Europeans went along and took captives to the Americas’. Servitude had existed in Africa as it had in different pieces of the world, for a considerable length of time, however it did not depend on race and it didn't bring about dehumanization and passing, as did transoceanic subjection. This announcement is asserting that in light of the fact that the economies of Africa didn't rely upon slave work, the quantity of subjugated individuals was little until European merchants showed up. I am persuaded that the African slave exchange prompted the dehumanization of Africans since it was centered around the legitimate establishment made by law in America, which permitted white American pioneers to really possess Africans. This kind of servitude was serious and ruthless, and furthermore declined Africans. The ascent of industrialization in America brought the interest for a lot of work which Americans exploited to pick up benefit. The main gathering of Africans profiting by the trans-Atlantic slave exchange was the Elites. These were political individuals from the decision class who might catch slaves and take them to business sectors along the coast. These well off slave vendors would utilize their wealth to then relate to other affluent families through marriage. This made a hole between the prosperous world class, and the battling lower class. All through the mainland, subjugation had become a significant component in African life. As the interest for slaves expanded, slave strikes turned out to be increasingly predominant, leaving portions of Africa disassembled and chaotic. Different practices, for example, subjugation as control and discipline for wrongdoing started to be presented. Society was continually changing in response to what was going on in slave exchange. The slave exchanges caused political insecurity, prompted a lot of social discontinuity, and brought about a decrease of lawful establishments. The nations from which the best number of slaves were taken, are similar regions that had the least evolved political structures when the slave exchanges finished. These are similar nations that are the most ethnically divided in current time Africa. These regions incorporate states, for example, Angola, Chad, Tanzania, and Sierra Leone. At the point when the slave exchange reached a conclusion, the African landmass was unequivocally influenced. Social orders that for a long time put together their economy with respect to slave work, and slave exchange, experienced difficulty with making new types of picking up wealth and sorting out work. Upon the consummation of servitude and the slave exchange Africa, numerous administrations that once had slaves, despite everything were in urgent need of modest work. Because of this interest, African pioneers and previous slave proprietors made new strategies for constraining Africans to work without pay or for limited quantities of remuneration. Subjugation has been a noteworthy practice all through the landmass of Africa since pre-notable occasions. The trans-Saharan and trans-Atlantic slave exchanges changed the essence of servitude in the public eye all through Africa. The effects of servitude and the slave exchange created the interruption of the economy bringing about Africa turning into the least fortunate mainland on earth. Slave exchanges have left Africa extremely isolated, and above all immature and Africans dehumanized. Despite the fact that huge domains, for example, Dahomey, Asante, and Benin extended and thrived due to the slave exchange, the progressive nullification of the exchange prompted the quick ruin of every one of these states. The colossal loss of populace stifled monetary, social and political headway. Notwithstanding, the exchange of Africans to the Americas has prompted a social decent variety concealed in world history. Today African Americans assume overwhelming jobs in expressions of the human experience, sports, and music industry of society. Their commitment to and impact on world culture is exceptional.

Managing Investor Relations for Your Company

Managing Investor Relations for Your Company © Shutterstock.com | Atstock ProductionsWhen you have investors, it is important to have cordial relations with them. This article will provide you with an 1) introduction, 2) importance of investor relations, 3) how to manage your investor relations, 4) ways to improve investor relations, and 5) how social media has revolutionized investor relations.INTRODUCTIONInvestor relations refer to the conversation between the company and the investors. Even though the conversation is regulated and the information disclosed is voluntary, the conversation is an important element in stock market operations. Investor relations can take many forms, from the annual reports or the website updates to investor meetings and new release publications. A common feature in the types of communication that the company takes part in is that they inform the investors about the latest events taking place in company. They explain the financial performance, how the company is operating and the future prospects of the company.The conversation is by no means one-sided. The investors do have the opportunity to give feedback to the company and express their views. Listening to the investors makes the company better at managing its investor relations and also at implementing suggested changes.For companies, the process of handling investor relations starts before the IPO phase. The process begins when companies are looking for initial investment via display of their marketability. And when the initial investment has been accepted the active management of investor relations begins.IMPORTANCE OF INVESTOR RELATIONSWhen managing investor relations, there are  key points that companies should take into account.   A company should try and know its investors, of course knowing each and every investor personally is quite a difficult and daunting task, but knowing their motives for investing is important. At the basic level companies should know whether investors are searching for capital gains or a st eady income. Going deeper, they should determine the risk tolerance of the investors.The investors that companies should look out for are the large institutional investors that bring in a steady cash flow. It is these investors that will bring in substantial capital when a search for more capital begins and it is the institutional investors that will make the company look like a more attractive investment option to other potential investors. But private investors are not to be ignored by any means, even if they bring in relatively small amounts of capital; the diversity of their investment objectives provides the company with some much needed quick liquidity. This is because private investors usually purchase in small quantities resulting in quick surges of liquidity.Access to CapitalThe importance of investor relations stems from the fact that it can generate recognition and credibility for the company in the market, making it more attractive in the eyes of the investors and thus b ringing in more capital. When a company develops a healthy relationship with the investor community it creates for itself increased access to capital. The community of investors looks at the company as a worthwhile investment opportunity when it gives back its investors- not just in profit but also in financial security and information.LiquidityAnother attractive outcome of investor relations that companies aim for is liquidity. Through management of investor relations, the company continually updates the public on the profile of the company and in doing so, creates awareness. This leads to the frequency of shares trading to increase and provide the company with an injection of liquidity.Fair ValuationCompanies also aim for fair valuation of their stock, and try and maintain a healthy value through the management of expectations that the investors might have regarding the company. Efficient communication with the investment community will let the company convey its details and strat egy which it plans to employ in the future, giving the investors ample information to value the stock at its fair market value.Increased VisibilityThe purpose of investor relations is not only to inform the investors about the happenings of the company but it is also used to help the company itself. Not only do the positive recognition and increased credibility bring in investors they also aid in the operations of the company; the more attractive a company seems the easier it will be to find good employees.  It will also help sales and lead to better market relations.In the absence of communication between investors and the company, there may be negative consequences. Company management that does not communicate with its investors and the public creates an environment in which a few investors with more knowledge can hold a competitive share of the company and could buy shares from other investors at advantageous prices. Apart from the aggressive investors, the lack of investor mana gement also reduces probable opportunities that may arise bringing around less capital and leading to unfair stock valuation.HOW TO MANAGE YOUR INVESTOR RELATIONS?Simply by practicing investor relations, management does not give the company an advantage. There is the added process of how to manage the relationship and numerous other external factors that affect how the company will be perceived. For example, like the condition of the economy.Talking about how to manage investors, the company needs to identify what type of investors it is managing. Companies usually have a mix of private investors and institutional investors that share their capital, so the difference in classification also means difference in managing.Institutional InvestorsInstitutional investors can be described as the most important investors. They bring in large amounts of capital and hold a large share of the company. The finances they bring in to the company are long-term; this means that they form a structure d opinion about the company before investing and decide whether the company is a sufficient prospect for investment or not.The long-term nature of their investment requires management to use their time and space to execute their development strategies and build up plans for the future in order to make the company seem like an attractive investment choice. The achievements and future proposals of the company should be actively and efficiently communicated with the investment community to attract the institutional investors.Much like the idea of diversifying your investments, companies should carry the idea to diversify investors. Even though typically a majority of capital will be held by institutional investors, private investors carry an important purpose for the company.Private InvestorsSome of the motivations for private investors include tax efficiencies, an income aspect, capital gains opportunities etc. Their importance stems from their purchase of relatively small portions of company capital. Because they buy small portions, private investors provide the company with some much needed liquidity. In order to make the company more attractive to private investors companies should pay attention to the private investors’ needs. If the majority of private investors finance the capital to earn income, then the company should bring to light their dividend policy; if private investors want capital gains then the company should communicate its growth in value over different time periods, both long-term and short-term. Communicating to the private investors’ demands will attract them to the company and thus potentially benefit both parties in the process.WAYS TO IMPROVE INVESTOR RELATIONSSince we have established the importance of managing investor relations for companies, now we look at ways to improve its impact on investors and companies.Encourage the Whole Board to get InvolvedGet the company board involved. This will make the management of investor relatio ns a major decision for the company. Also the involvement of board members in investor relationship decisions will mean that the decision is taken seriously and is a part of the company agenda.Explain to Investors the Dynamics of Your MarketThis idea of improving investor relations shows regard of how well the company knows the market it is operating in. When companies show their knowledge of how their respective markets work and how they can benefit from the markets, the investors gain confidence in the company. IR magazine editor Janet Dignan stated that investors enjoy talking to people who can talk about their company as well as the wider market.Meet Your Performance TargetsOther than the communicative improvements that companies can handle, there is an operational objective that companies need to tend to. Companies, in order to improve investor relations, should not miss their targets. When companies miss their targets it really undermines any other efforts they put in to impro ve investor relations; it makes the company seem unstable. And the targets set do not have to be financial only; any social or environmental targets set should also be accomplished to improve investor relations.Attract More Analyst CoverageInvestors nowadays are relying on analysts to help them make better investment decisions. So to improve relations with the investors, companies need to employ the services of analysts to show the value of their company. This will improve the company-investor relationship as expert opinion states that investors will trust more than that of the company itself.Provide a Regular Flow of InformationAs important as the content of company publications and updates is, it is also important for companies to push out regular flows of information. When companies disclose regular information it keeps the investors interested in your company, making it seem more desirable as an investment opportunity. If a company does not regularly disclose information, then i nvestors lose trust in the company.Target Those Investors That Matter the MostPreviously we discussed the classifications of private and institutional investors and how managing relations with each classification was different. In order to achieve better investor relations companies need to decide which of the investors they need to cater to. If they choose to prioritize institutional investors then information disclosed should mainly cater to their requirements and vice versa.Hold a Road ShowA company meeting with their potential and current investors has become a part of the corporate environment.  The direct interaction between company officials and the investor community is appreciated and positively affects how the corporation is perceived. Companies are representing themselves at financial centres across the world in order to seek potential investors.HOW SOCIAL MEDIA HAS REVOLUTIONISED INVESTOR RELATIONSIn the global business environment, social media advertising is increasin g, but social media related to investor relations is still in its infant state. Most companies use their social media to disclose information regarding them which is unrelated to investor perceptions. Current use of social media by companies is wasting a valuable resource which can lead to quick and effective communication between companies and potential investors.The popularity of social media websites has skyrocketed and has given companies a platform on which they can instantly and directly communicate with their current or potential customers. Social networking websites have also become significant determinants in investor relations for companies. Following are some of the ways different social media sites can be effectively used to improve investor relations.TwitterThe use of Twitter as a social media tool by companies provides a platform on which relevant information can be shared with people who are genuinely interested.  The people who follow an official company account wil l be interested in what the company has to say about their current or potential future investments. Efficient ways that companies can use Twitter to improve investor relations is to create a StockTwits account so that investors can have a condensed version of investor and company communications taking place. They can also live tweet the highlights of conferences and annual meetings.LinkedInFor a social media website with a more professional setting, companies can update themselves on LinkedIn. It allows the company to promote itself in the industry and expand its reach. Some of the ways that it can be used to the benefit of the company are, by creating a dedicated investor relations page, improving its SEO via use of keywords, promoting company products and services. The website is also used as an efficient way to organize contacts and discuss relevant topics with groups.SlideShareAnother social media website with a professional user base is SlideShare. This website like the rest ca n be used to increase exposure on the internet and the provision to upload investor presentations and corporate slides provides an efficient channel to companies. Companies can also share updates to average investors.YouTubeYouTube can act as a good complementary social media application. It can help the company expand itself in the online environment and make the company more visible on search engines. The addition of multiple tags on YouTube videos can help companies take advantage of Search Engine Optimization and visual presentation in the form of video can have a greater impact than text on investor decisions.FacebookThis globally popular social media website has the potential to act as a second online hub for companies apart from their own websites. It will be in search of convenience that investors will demand company information on Facebook. And to provide this service to investors, companies should maintain investor relation pages on Facebook that can provide information li nks and updates via the official company website. It will also be helpful for investors if they are given live feeds to stock information and charts. They should also communicate with investors on a regular basis.Investor Relations AppThe theIRApp is an iOS and Android app that allows entrepreneurs to stay connected with investors. It allows them to share latest events, share prices, presentations, financial highlights and press releases with investors on the go. This allows investors to stay updated, with minimal work from the companys side.Social media has integrated itself within the fast paced world of information and is not going away any time soon, so company involvement in social media is an efficient and cost effective way to get in touch with investors both current and potential.

Book Report for 13 Reasons Why Jay Asher Essay - 811 Words

Chulani Sterling English Dr.Genn Book Report Title: Thirteen Reasons Why Author: Jay Asher This novel is about a girl named Hannah Baker who committed suicide amp; before she died she recorded 13 audiotapes filled with reasons why she killed herself and they all had to do with a specific person, and she sent all the 13 tapes to the 13 people so they could listen. Justin was the first person on the tape, the boy she first kissed, he exaggerated what they did when they kissed, making her seem â€Å"easy† to other boys. 2nd Alex, a boy who said she had the hottest behind in the freshman class on his â€Å"hot or not list† making her seem more vulnerable to other boys. 3rd Jessica, one of Hannah’s first†¦show more content†¦This was when she made the tapes and had someone send them to everyone on the list amp; then she committed suicide. One major character is Hannah Baker she was a very smart, nice amp; strong girl, all she wanted was for someone to fight for her amp; want her, because she felt unwanted like she didn’t belong. Those 13 pe ople all contributed to her feelings inside that took over her and made her kill herself. At the beginning she gave people chances to make her feel wanted, to be her friend, she actually opened up to them. For example Justin, Jessica, amp; Courtney but they all let her down in the end. She had one last hope Mr. Porter but he didn’t help her as much as he should have because he didn’t care. Then she finally gave up and killed herself. Another major character is Clay Jensen he listened to all the tapes even after he found out his reason for being on the tapes, he felt bad because he had a crush on her and she liked him too but he let her go because of the rumors that Justin had started around the school. Hannah knew he liked her because they kissed but she got emotional and kicked him out, and he left he didn’t fight for her but she forgave him and he still feels guilty. If Clay didn’t let the rumors stand in his way of getting to know her maybe she wouldn’t have killed herself and felt that she had a reason to live. His whole outlook on life amp; the people around him changed because of Hannah. Clay didn’t expect to hear any of theShow MoreRelatedMedia Analysis in Malaysia (Newspapers)4128 Words   |  17 PagesEither it took the form of news pamphlets or broadsides. It is perpetually high in dramatized content. The most eminent part of these reports is the atrocities against Germans. Two hundred years later, in the year 1600’s â€Å"The Acta Diurna (actions of the day), written on a tablet, was posted on a wall after each meeting of the senate.† This is taken from the book â€Å"Introduction to Mass communication† by Baran, Stanley. That happened during Caesar’s time where Rome had a newspaper in the early 1600Read MoreHow Does Media Affect Children11485 Words   |  46 PagesFamily Viewing A report on parents, children and the media by Lucy McCarraher for the Parenting Education Support Forum in association with the NSPCC, Family Circle magazine and Glasgow Media Group Parenting Education Support Forum The Parenting Education Support Forum brings together those concerned with or working in the field of preparation, education and support for parents. It promotes and maintains a high profile for parenting education and support, where education means learningRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 Pages Sull and Charles Spinosa 90 The Leadership Team: Complementary Strengths or Conï ¬â€šicting Agendas? Stephen A. Miles and Michael D. Watkins 100 Avoiding Integrity Land Mines Ben W. Heineman, Jr. 20 33 FORETHOUGHT HBR CASE STUDY Why Didn t We Know? Ralph Hasson 45 FIRST PERSON Preparing for the Perfect Product Launch THOU SHALT †¦page 58 James P. Hackett 111 TOOL KIT The Process Audit Michael Hammer 124 BEST PRACTICE Human Due Diligence David Harding

Othello Essay, Appearance vs Reality - 1175 Words

Throughout history there has been a general understanding that appearances can be deceiving. A person may go through life without anyone understanding the true reality of their character. William Shakespeare, one of the greatest writers of all time, understood the relationship between appearance and reality and often gave characters two sides to their personality. One of the most fundamental questions in philosophy is the one of appearance vs. reality. We find ourselves asking the question of what is genuinely â€Å"real,† and what is viewed merely as just an â€Å"appearance,† and not real? It becomes difficult when we assume there is a difference in the two to determine which is which. Generally, what we label as â€Å"real† is regarded as external†¦show more content†¦In each case, Iago manipulates Othello into seeing and believing what he wants him to, rather than the reality of what is actually happening. In this way, Iago becomes a kind of ‘director’. This character made up by Shakespeare is a villain mastermind hiding under the appearance of a military veteran from Venice. His attempt to manipulate and deceive the other characters in this play revolves around his obsessive, relentless, bold and ingenious personality. In various points in the play, he claims to be motivated by different reasons. Some of the reasons are: resentment that Othello passed him over a promotion in favour of Michael Cassio and he thinks Othello and Cassio both slept with his wife Emilia. We are introduced to the antagonist, Iago and another character that shares hate for Othello also because he loves Desdemona in Act 1 Scene 1. The first line in Act 1 Scene 1 states Tush, never tell me! I take it much unkindly. That thou, iago, whon hast had my purse. As if the strings were thine, shouldst know of this In translation ‘All this time I’ve thought you were such a good friend that I’ve let you spend my money as if it was yours’. That opening statement already demonstrates Iago’s inner personality and builds a slight reputation from readers for him. As Iago convinces his plan of the destruction of Othello will work, we also start to notice how casually and easily Iago can convince characters using his strongShow MoreRelated Essay on Appearance vs Reality in Othello and Twelfth Night803 Words   |  4 PagesAppearance versus Reality in Othello and Twelfth Night      Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare cleverly uses the art of disguise, in both his tragedies and his comedies, in order to employ a literary device known as dramatic irony, where the audience members are aware of something (in this case the true identity of characters) that characters in the play are not. This, of course, creates tension in a play and excites the audience; actions take place on the stage, of which the audience knows the import, but charactersRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello - Power Of Words870 Words   |  4 PagesIn this essay the power of words in Orthello will be discussed looking at words as power, words as characters and words as conversation with the audience. First looking at words as power. From the beginning of the play we see what influence words have on the characters in the play, power of words can be positive or negative. The famous saying, The pen is mightier than the sword† which means that with words and brains, it can become a greater weapon than a sword. If such a person was to have thisRead MoreKing Lear : A Shakespearean Shakespearian Tragedy1540 Words   |  7 PagesMany people do regard it as one of the best Shakespeare tragedies, but it generally comes down to opinion. In order to determine the best Shakespeare tragedy, it has to be stacked up against other well-known Shakespearian tragedies like Macbeth, Othello, Julius Caesar, Romeo and Juliet, Antony and Cleopatra, and Hamlet in multiple ways, both objectively and subjectively. When compared to these plays, it is evident that King Lear should not be counted as one of the top four Shakespearian tragediesRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1923 Words   |  8 Pagesdissatisfaction or complication is shown. Firstly in Othello love is presented as ephemeral and transient while atonement love is presented as unrequited and finally in cat on a hot tin roof love is presented as painful and troublesome due to unreciprocated feelings. The tragic plot of Othello hinges on the potential of the villain, Iago, to deceive other characters, above all Roderigo and Othello, through encouraging them to misinterpret what they see. Othello is prone to Iago s ploys seeing that he himselfRead MoreMedia Magic Making Class Invisible2198 Words   |  9 Pagessources which are legitimate and the reader can choose to research it for themselves. Mantsios back himself up by using more than one source to prove his theory about test scores and what class you are in. Whether you choose to believe him or not, the reality is the facts are there, written on the paper right in front of your eyes. He also backs his theory by giving examples of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“some typical lifestyles and some not so typical lifestylesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ , which means he shows you a complete profile of a persons lifeRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pages GP NOTES 2010 (ESSAY) Content Page 1. Media a. New vs. Traditional b. New: narcissistic? c. Government Censorship d. Profit-driven Media e. Advertising f. Private life of public figures g. Celebrity as a role model h. Blame media for our problems i. Power + Responsibility of Media j. Media ethics k. New Media and Democracy 2. Science/Tech a. Science and Ethics b. Government and scientist role in science c. Rely too much on technology? d. Nuclear technologyRead MoreSports17369 Words   |  70 Pagesfurther research on various topics, along with an approach to reporting on your reading that encourages critical thinking. Exercise 1.4 is a â€Å"Fill in the blanks,† with the answers on the next page, as is Exercise 2.3 â€Å"Sport history firsts,† and the essays in Exercise 2.4 have suggested inclusions for answers. If you are interested in doing survey scholarship, there are two examples here: Exercise 4.5 offers directions on how to get information on audiences for the Olympic Games, along with a sampleRead MoreSports17363 Words   |  70 Pagesfurther research on various topics, along with an approach to reporting on your reading that encourages critical thinking. Exercise 1.4 is a â€Å"Fill in the blanks,† with the answers on the next page, as is Exercise 2.3 â€Å"Sport history firsts,† and the essays in Exercise 2.4 have suggested inclusions for answers. If you are interested in doing survey scholarship, there are two examples here: Exercise 4.5 offers directions on how to get information on audiences for the Olympic Games, along with a sample

Strategic Management in Non Profit Making Organization Free Essays

Introduction Strategic Management is the process by which managers make the choice of a set of strategies that will enable it to achieve better performance. The context of strategic management can be defined as the societal role of the organization, environmental, technological and human resource factors. With changes in a context, a unique set of managerial constraints arise (Stevens McGowan, 1983). We will write a custom essay sample on Strategic Management in Non Profit Making Organization or any similar topic only for you Order Now Context influences the nature of managerial behavior: the actions of a manager in arriving at a decision regarding how to deal with a given context. The way that a strategic plan is developed depends on the nature of the organization’s leadership, culture of the organization, complexity of the organization’s environment, size of the organization and expertise of planners. The not-for-profit sector is extremely diverse in terms of the organizations it encompasses and the work it undertakes. In recent years, there has been a substantial increase in the creation and consolidation of non-profit organizations of various sizes, with diverse objectives and different scopes of action. More often than not, these organizations are managed by individuals who are dedicated or committed to the company’s goals but have not had the opportunity to undergo specific training for this purpose. There are diverse types of non-profit organizations globally e. g. hospitals, social, cultural and political organizations. Most of the NGOs startups will usually come up with a strategy formulation paper which will consist of the vision, goals and objectives, implementation strategies and the budgets. This is because most of them are funded through grants and donations which will normally require a well done funds mobilization proposal. Related essay: â€Å"Support Positive Risk Taking For Individuals† However, most of them are less likely to engage in procedural strategic management implementation as a formal exercise. Also, these organizations are less likely to exhibit the features of a sound strategic plan as follows: †¢ Whereas one of the features of strategic planning is the long term nature of these plans, most of the non-profit organizations tend to be managed more on a short-term operational basis rather than in a strategic sense. †¢ Secondly strategy formulation takes into account the customers and competitor behavior. For nonprofit organizations, the influence of their clients or customers is often limited. These organizations will normally decide what is best for their clientele/customers and implement. †¢ Whereas strategic management is dynamic and continuous, most NPO aren’t very receptive to changes. They are comfortable in their current positions and transformation is quite an uphill task for them. Most of them thrive on tradeoffs between efficiency/productivity vis a vis processes. They are mostly driven by their social and community focus and appeal more to the conscience. This in turn stifles innovation and productivity and may hamper the decision making process. However, this will also be determined by the leadership style of the leader. . Requirements for strategic planning in non-profit corporate strategies Non profit organizations, just as for business organizations, can and should be designed to bring success and avoid failure. This can be done by capitalizing on the stron gest capabilities of the non-profit organization in question, and exploiting the greatest opportunities, while reducing risk associated with organizational weaknesses, and environmental threats. This shared understanding of the overall strategic situation of the organization gives a sound basis for strategic decision making. The primary requirement for an overall non-profit organization set of strategies is that they should be developed to cover two main dimensions, bringing success and avoiding failure when things go wrong. †¢ Non-profit strategies must give the organization a very good chance of hitting the target for satisfactory performance and even exceeding it. †¢ At the same time, strategic planning nonprofit style must not expose the particular rganization to such risks that its performance might fall below to that considered to be failure. Additionally strategic planning in non profit must have a set of strategies that meet these requirements- †¢ Make full use of all the organization’s most impressive strengths. †¢ Correct or neutralize all major weaknesses. It must not be based on these weaknesses. †¢ Either eliminate or reduce the i mpact of all the major threats. †¢ Exploit any highly rated opportunity for enhancing non-profit performance. Be strictly practical and relevant to the precise strategic situation of the particular non-profit organization, and hopefully be †¢ Imaginative in the sense of being able to engage staff in implementation, and stand out among similar non-profit organizations in some way, and not be a pale imitation of what everyone else is doing, so as to strengthen the community standing of the organization and its non-profit mission. The following are some of the strategic contexts for non-profit organizations. (i) Governorship The not-for-profit organizations are not governed by organic law (constitutions). Top management teams are empowered by the corporate charter to engage in strategy implementation. A direct link between strategy formulation and implementation and the active involvement of all relevant parties throughout the process is deemed to be essential to effective private sector policy making. (ii) Openness to External Environment Not-for-profit organizations even though open to the external environment, the chief executives or board directors may ignore contributions into policy formulation and implementation processes from the various stakeholders. Failure to consider such contributions does not necessarily put their careers into risk, neither the legitimacy nor the credibility of the organization. (iii)Clearly defined goals Not-for-profit organizations generally operate within the framework of a limited number of relatively stable goals such as growth, profitability or market share. As (Peters Waterman, 1982) noted, the top managements of more effective organizations appear to focus their attention on a limited set of clearly defined objectives. (iv) Cultural orientation Strategy formulation is largely affected by culture in non-profit organizations. Informal processes are used; for example an outstanding performer awarded a bonus in a not-for-profit organization is received well and does not attract bickering from other staff. (v) Human Resource Strategies In non-profit organizations, the personnel system is not based on merit. Employment, reward and advancement are done haphazardly thus creating a dependency relationship between the junior and senior staff. (vi) Separation of functional authority Not-for-profit organizations do not have a separation of functional authority like in the public sector. The organizations may be run by the directors who have founded them. The directors make day to day decisions and could even head departments in the organization. (vii) Marketing Strategies for non profit organization †¢ Website platform. †¢ Social media †¢ Brand enthusiasm †¢ Newsletters †¢ Creative Viral Programs †¢ Monitring. REFERENCES Peters, T. J. , Waterman, R. H. (1982). In Search of Excellence. New York: Harper Row. Stevens, J. M. , McGowan, J. R. (1983). Managerial Strategies in Municipal government Organizations. Academy of Management Journal. How to cite Strategic Management in Non Profit Making Organization, Essay examples

Organizational Structure free essay sample

Case Study 02 – BoldFlash: Cross-Functional Challenges in the Mobile Division Introduction: In this case study Roger Cahill has been acting as the head of mobile division for less than a year. Currently he is struggling as he faces great difficulties adapting BoldFlash to a changing marketplace. The problem really started a year ago when Mr. Jim Harrison appointed the young Roger Cahill to a VP position. Although Roger has led a research project in his previous work, he is only 24 years old and inexperienced to manage a company at VP level.Positions at those levels require years of strategic leadership and management skills. Nevertheless in the last 12 months, the company focused primarily on the redundant production of customized chips without further research or product development in new and upcoming areas like the storage device. This negligence from both product development and marketing is a huge loss to the company as they missed out on the opportunity to launch new product line; therefore missed the opportunity to penetrate the potential market. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Structure or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now the company has old products not priced competitively and struggling to penetrate the marketshare. Also the four groups within the division, product development, marketing, sales and manufacturing are constantly in conflict and don’t have the reinforcement from the leadership to work as a team. Although Cahill has observed the dysfunctions, he has not implemented any processes or trainings to work as a cross functional team. The company’s profit margins are low and Cahill has to take initiatives to suggest number of changes.With the staff that has low morale and lacking motivation, Cahill has to develop action plan for improvement. He has to define roles and propose organization change design to deliver an outcome necessary to be successful and generate higher profits. 1. What are the main problems that the Mobile division is experiencing? The company is experiencing various problems that need to be addressed immediately. First they missed the opportunity to develop a new product and therefore lost the opportunity to penetrate the market.Poor leadership style and negligence in the marketing areas, profits margins are lower than previous year. The four groups of staff are constantly in conflict and are not able to collaboratively work as a tem and lack crossfunctional tem efforts. Therefore staff has low morale and lack motivation. 2. How do the conflicting performance metrics of each group contribute to the problem? 3. What is it about the current organization design and product development process that fosters the problem of coordination we in the case? 4.